The agricultural market is the terminal hub of the urban food supply chain, directly related to the safety of dining tables for thousands of households. Establishing a standardized and efficient food safety rapid testing laboratory (rapid testing room) is an important measure to achieve market access control, risk warning, and enhance consumer confidence. This plan aims to build a practical, efficient, and economical agricultural market inspection room to meet the daily needs of rapid screening and provide timely safety guarantees for market management and consumers.

1、 Construction goals and functional positioning

Core objective: To conduct entry inspection and daily sampling of edible agricultural products (vegetables, fruits, livestock and poultry meat, aquatic products, eggs, etc.) and bulk foods sold in the market, and quickly screen for major safety risks and hazards.

Main testing items:

Pesticide residues: (core focus) Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits (enzyme inhibition rate method).

Veterinary drug residues: Initial screening of clenbuterol (clenbuterol, ractopamine, salbutamol) and antibiotics (quinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides) residues in livestock and poultry meat and aquatic products (mainly using colloidal gold card method).

Illegal additives: aquatic products/aquatic products: formaldehyde, malachite green, furan metabolites (such as furazolidone, furazone), chloramphenicol.

Rice and flour products: hanging white blocks (formaldehyde sodium bisulfite).

Dry goods/pickled products: sulfur dioxide.

Meat products: Nitrite (excessive).

Edible oil: Acid value, peroxide value (to determine the degree of rancidity).

Preliminary screening for heavy metal pollution: (for high-risk products) such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) in vegetables, mushrooms, and aquatic products from specific production areas (colorimetric method).

Microbial monitoring (limited): mainly through ATP fluorescence detection to randomly check the cleanliness of operation surfaces, cutting tools, and employees' hands (non food microbiological testing).

Functional positioning:

Quick screening: The detection speed is fast, and the results are usually available within 10-30 minutes.

Risk warning: Timely detection of positive or suspicious samples, providing a basis for market management to take follow-up measures such as delisting, traceability, and inspection.

Information disclosure: Publicize the test results (especially qualified information) in a prominent position in the market to enhance consumer confidence.

Entry screening (optional): Some markets may implement pre entry spot checks on key high-risk products.

Non positioning: Non confirmatory laboratory. Positive samples must be sealed according to regulations and sent to qualified third-party testing institutions for legal standard method confirmation.

2、 Basic requirements for laboratory construction

Venue selection and area: It should be located near the market management office or in a relatively independent, quiet area that is convenient for sample transfer and personnel operation.

Area requirement: Suggested 15-30 square meters. Reasonable division of functional areas is required to meet the basic operational procedures. Too little affects operational safety, too much increases costs.

Functional area division (suggestion): Sample receiving and registration area: Set up small desks or countertops for sample registration, numbering, and information entry.

Sample pre-processing area: core area. Configure the experimental platform and sink to perform sample cutting, crushing, weighing, extraction, and other operations. Ventilation facilities (such as range hoods or small fume hoods) must be equipped for handling organic solvents or operations that produce odors.

Quick inspection operation area: core area. Configure an experimental table of sufficient length, place core detection instruments, and perform operations such as sample addition, reaction, and reading. Need to be close to the power outlet.

Reagent and consumables storage area: equipped with reagent cabinets, refrigerators (refrigerated at 4 ℃), shelves, used for storing reagents, standards, consumables, spare instruments, etc. Flammable, explosive, and toxic reagents need to be stored separately locked.

Data Analysis and Publicity Area: Set up small office desks and chairs, computers, and printers for data entry, report generation, result printing, and preparation for publicity. Can be merged with the sample receiving area.

Cleaning area: equipped with a sink for cleaning glassware, etc. Can be shared with other areas.

Infrastructure:

Water: A stable supply of tap water, it is recommended to install a simple pure water machine (for preparing reagents and cleaning) to ensure that the water quality does not affect the test results.

Electricity: A stable and reliable power source that meets the simultaneous operation requirements of all instruments. Equip necessary UPS uninterruptible power supply (to protect precision instruments) and set up sufficient number of grounding power sockets.

Ventilation: The sample pre-treatment area and rapid testing operation area must ensure good ventilation, and exhaust fans or small fume hoods must be installed to promptly eliminate harmful gases generated during the experimental process (such as organic solvent volatiles and reagent odors).

Lighting: Adequate and uniform lighting, especially for the workbench.

Environment: Keep the instrument clean, dry, and avoid direct sunlight. Install air conditioning (temperature control and dehumidification).

Safety: Equipped with fire extinguishers (ABC dry powder or carbon dioxide), first aid kits, eye wash stations (optional, but strongly recommended), gas masks (N95 grade, used for handling powdered reagents or irritating gases), gloves, lab coats, and other safety protection facilities. Establish a safety management system.

3、 Construction Plan for Instrument and Equipment Configuration List of Standard Agricultural Market Food Safety Testing Laboratory

The following list is centered around meeting basic, efficient, and practical fast inspection needs to avoid redundant configurations:

1. Core equipment of multifunctional food safety rapid detection device. Integrate multiple detection modules (usually including): pesticide residues (enzyme inhibition rate method), illegal additives (such as white pellets, hydrogen peroxide, borax, aluminum potassium sulfate, etc.), harmful substances (nitrite, nitrate, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, peroxide value, acid value, etc.), animal residues (such as clenbuterol, ractopamine colloidal gold card readings), water quality (residual chlorine, turbidity, etc.)

2. The rapid pesticide residue detector is specifically designed for the rapid screening of organophosphate and carbamate pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits. Easy to operate and fast in speed.

3. The rapid detection instrument for veterinary drug residues is mainly used to read the results of colloidal gold rapid detection cards such as clenbuterol, ractopamine, salbutamol, quinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, etc. Improve the accuracy and efficiency of interpretation.

4. The heavy metal rapid detector is used for rapid semi quantitative or quantitative detection of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, chromium, etc. Usually, a digestion instrument is required for pre-treatment. The basic configuration only needs to meet the colorimetric method.

5. ATP fluorescence detector can quickly detect microbial residues and organic contamination on the surface of objects (tableware, cutting boards, workstations, hands, etc.), and evaluate the cleaning and disinfection effect. Fast detection speed.

6. The rapid detection instrument for aquatic products is a specialized reagent kit used to detect formaldehyde, industrial alkali, as well as malachite green, furan metabolites, histamine, and other substances in aquatic products. The detection can be completed through a multifunctional food safety rapid detector, without the need for a separate instrument.

7. Basic pre-processing equipment

Electronic balance (0.01g) for precise weighing

Pipette (single channel, multi channel) accurately removes liquids

Vortex mixer/oscillator to mix the sample evenly

Centrifuge (4000-6000rpm) for separating extraction solution (optional, required for some projects)

Sample grinder/homogenizer homogenizes solid samples

PH meter detects partial items or water quality pH

8. Glassware and consumables: colorimetric dishes, test tubes, beakers, measuring cylinders, volumetric flasks, pipette heads, sample cups, filter paper, weighing paper, disposable gloves, masks, etc.

4、 Summary

Building standardized rapid testing laboratories for food safety in agricultural markets is an effective means to improve market management, ensure the safety of citizens' food baskets, and build a social governance pattern for food safety. This plan focuses on "practicality, efficiency, and economy", and the recommended instrument configuration (multi-functional food safety rapid detector+animal residue card reader+ATP detector+necessary pre-treatment equipment) can cover the most important safety risk points in the agricultural market. The key lies in scientifically planning the site, strictly equipping safety facilities (especially ventilation), standardizing institutional processes, strengthening personnel training, implementing quality control, adhering to result disclosure, and ensuring operating funds. Through practical and effective construction and operation, the rapid inspection room of the agricultural market will become a solid barrier to protect the safety of citizens' tongues, significantly enhancing the credibility of the market and consumer satisfaction. Various regions may make appropriate adjustments based on factors such as market size, transaction characteristics, and budget.